Friday, February 20, 2009

Wikipedia version of Hasker's Argument Against Causal Closure

  • a. Human beings are rational to a significant (though highly imperfect) degree.
  • b. If human beings are rational, there is an explanation for the fact that human beings are rational.
  • c. There is an explanation for the fact that human beings are rational.
  • d. If conscious experience is explanatorily irrelevant, there is no explanation for the fact that human beings are rational.
  • e. Conscious experience is explanatorily relevant.
  • f. If the physical realm is causally closed, conscious experience is explanatorily irrelevant.
  • g. The physical realm is not causally closed.

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Tuesday, February 17, 2009

Bonjour's argument against physicalism from intentionality

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Monday, February 16, 2009

The Argument from Reason, Wikipedia Style

(1) For an assertion to be capable of truth or falsehood it must come from a rational source (see explanation below).
(2) No merely physical material or combination of merely physical materials constitute a rational source.
(3) Therefore, no assertion that is true or false can come from a merely physical source.
(4) The assertions of human minds are capable of truth or falsehood
Conclusion: Therefore, human minds are not a merely physical source (see explanation below).
The argument for the existence of God holds:
(5) A being requires a rational process to assess the truth or falsehood of a claim (hereinafter, to be convinced by argument).
(6) Therefore, if humans are able to be convinced by argument, their reasoning processes must have a rational source.
(7) Therefore, considering element two above, if humans are able to be convinced by argument, their reasoning processes must have a non-physical (as well as rational) source.
(8) Rationality cannot arise out of non-rationality. That is, no arrangement of non-rational materials creates a rational thing.
(9) No being that begins to exist can be rational except through reliance, ultimately, on a rational being that did not begin to exist. That is, rationality does not arise spontaneously from out of nothing but only from another rationality.
(10) All humans began to exist at some point in time.
(11) Therefore, if humans are able to be convinced by argument, there must be a necessary and rational being on which their rationality ultimately relies.
Conclusion: This being we call God.

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